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Theoretical Neuroscience : Understanding Cognition
This textbook is an introduction to Systems and Theoretical/Computational Neuroscience, with a particular emphasis on cognition.It consists of three parts: Part I covers fundamental concepts and mathematical models in computational neuroscience, along with cutting-edge topics.Part II explores the building blocks of cognition, including working memory (how the brain maintains and manipulates information "online" without external input), decision making (how choices are made among multiple options under conditions of uncertainty and risk) and behavioral flexibility (how we direct attention and control actions).Part III is dedicated to frontier research, covering models of large-scale multi-regional brain systems, Computational Psychiatry and the interface with Artificial Intelligence.The author highlights the perspective of neural circuits as dynamical systems, and emphasizes a cross-level mechanistic understanding of the brain and mind, from genes and cell types to collective neural populations and behavior.Overall, this textbook provides an opportunity for readers to become well versed in this highly interdisciplinary field of the twenty-first century. Key FeaturesRooted in the most recent advances in experimental studies of basic cognitive functionsIntroduces neurobiological and mathematical concepts so that the book is self-containedHeavily illustrated with high-quality figures that help to illuminate neurobiological concepts, present experimental findings and explain mathematical modelsConcludes with a list of core cognitive behavior tasks, ten take-home messages and three open questions for future researchComputer model codes are available via GitHub for hands-on practice
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Theoretical Neuroscience : Understanding Cognition
This textbook is an introduction to Systems and Theoretical/Computational Neuroscience, with a particular emphasis on cognition.It consists of three parts: Part I covers fundamental concepts and mathematical models in computational neuroscience, along with cutting-edge topics.Part II explores the building blocks of cognition, including working memory (how the brain maintains and manipulates information "online" without external input), decision making (how choices are made among multiple options under conditions of uncertainty and risk) and behavioral flexibility (how we direct attention and control actions).Part III is dedicated to frontier research, covering models of large-scale multi-regional brain systems, Computational Psychiatry and the interface with Artificial Intelligence.The author highlights the perspective of neural circuits as dynamical systems, and emphasizes a cross-level mechanistic understanding of the brain and mind, from genes and cell types to collective neural populations and behavior.Overall, this textbook provides an opportunity for readers to become well versed in this highly interdisciplinary field of the twenty-first century. Key FeaturesRooted in the most recent advances in experimental studies of basic cognitive functionsIntroduces neurobiological and mathematical concepts so that the book is self-containedHeavily illustrated with high-quality figures that help to illuminate neurobiological concepts, present experimental findings and explain mathematical modelsConcludes with a list of core cognitive behavior tasks, ten take-home messages and three open questions for future researchComputer model codes are available via GitHub for hands-on practice
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The Neuroscience of Bach’s Music : Perception, Action, and Cognition Effects on the Brain
The Neuroscience of Bach’s Music: Perception, Action, and Cognition Effects on the Brain is a comprehensive study of Johann Sebastian Bach’s music through the lens of neuroscience, examining neuroscience using Bach’s music as a tool.This book synthesizes cognitive neuroscience, music theory, and musicology to provide insights into human cognition and perception.It also explores how a neuroscience perspective can improve listening and performing experiences for Bach’s music.Written by a physician-neuroscientist recognized for scholarly articles on Bach’s music, this book uses specific examples to explore neuroscience across Bach’s compositions. The book is structured to discuss the brain’s action, perception, and cognition as connected to specific Bach concertos, tones, notes, and performances.Two guest contributors provide insight into exact mathematical, or topologic, and music theoretic aspects of Bach’s music with implications for cognitive neuroscience.
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The Brain Behind Pain : Exploring the Mind-Body Connection
One might think working as a physician would lead to disrespect for the human body.After all, mostof the bodies we see are broken or malfunctioning in some way. In my case, however, the opposite is true. My practice as a pain specialist (particularly chronic pain)has drawn me into areas beyond the usual options for medical treatment.In the process, that has ledto a fascination with the human brain and its myriad properties. I think it's safe to say that most of us take our brains for granted.If we think about them at all, it'sin terms of comparative mental accomplishment (in our prime of life) or dysfunction (beyond ourprime).Rarely do we stand in awe of all that this eight-pound organ does for us. With this book, I'm hoping to do my part to change that.The focus is on the brain's relationshipwith pain, but discussing that opens a door to broader considerations.Meanwhile, the potentialreadership is literally universal -- all of us have brains, and almost all of us (except for those with arare condition described in the book) have felt pain. What most of us may not realize is that research into the causes of pain began thousands of yearsago.The ancient Egyptians pondered the question, and Greek philosophers such as Aristotle, Plato,and Galen made it an important part of their overall philosophies.Hippocrates was laying thefoundation for modern brain and pain study as early as the late fifth century and other scientificicons, such as Rene Descartes and Charles Sherrington, built on what he had discovered andpostulated. By the 20th century, some new revelation about pain and its possible treatment was being reportedin the scientific journals nearly every month.That has only accelerated over the past few years,which makes the study of the brain and pain one of the livelier medical specialties. Meanwhile, there has been a significant change in the attitude toward pain by 20th centuryphysicians, researchers and hospital personnel.Previously, pain was simply linked to whatevercondition might be afflicting a patient, leading to the belief that when that condition was cured ormanaged, the pain would automatically disappear. Now, though, it has become apparent that pain might be more than just a symptom.In some cases,it becomes a condition all to itself. Since pain is literally a product of the brain, which announces it after being warned by a small armyof nocioceptors stationed throughout the body, it is also open to glitches in that process.Chronicpain often occurs when the brain "remembers" pain, even though the condition that caused it mayhave been dealt with. This book has a clinical core, but I have broadened the scope to include not only research historybut touch on several peripheral issuers involving pain.That includes a chapter on masochism andcongenital insensitivity to pain, another on the opioid epidemic.
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What is the connection between memory and taste?
Memory and taste are closely connected because our memories of past experiences, emotions, and associations can influence how we perceive and remember certain tastes. For example, a particular food may evoke strong memories of a happy childhood experience, leading to a positive association with that taste. On the other hand, a negative memory associated with a certain taste can lead to a dislike or aversion towards that food. Our memories can also influence our preferences for certain flavors and foods, shaping our taste preferences over time.
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What is the connection between boxing and brain damage?
Boxing is a sport that involves repeated blows to the head, which can result in traumatic brain injuries such as concussions. These repeated head injuries can lead to a condition known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which is a degenerative brain disease. Studies have shown that professional boxers are at a higher risk of developing CTE due to the cumulative impact of head trauma over time. Therefore, the connection between boxing and brain damage is significant, highlighting the importance of proper safety measures and regulations in combat sports.
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What is the connection between osmosis and brain edema?
Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. Brain edema, on the other hand, is the accumulation of excess fluid in the brain tissue. The connection between osmosis and brain edema lies in the fact that osmosis plays a role in the movement of water into and out of the brain cells. When there is an imbalance of solutes inside and outside the brain cells, osmosis can cause water to move into the cells, leading to brain edema. This can occur in conditions such as trauma, stroke, or certain diseases where there is a disruption in the balance of solutes and water in the brain.
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What is the connection between the brain and bisexual individuals?
Bisexual individuals have been found to have different patterns of brain activity compared to heterosexual and homosexual individuals. Research using brain imaging techniques has shown that bisexual individuals have unique patterns of brain activation in response to sexual stimuli, suggesting that their brains may process sexual attraction differently. Additionally, studies have found differences in brain structure and connectivity in bisexual individuals, indicating that there may be a biological basis for sexual orientation. These findings suggest that there is a connection between the brain and bisexual individuals, and further research is needed to fully understand the neurological underpinnings of bisexuality.
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The Brain Code : Using neuroscience to improve learning, memory and emotional intelligence
This book introduces the new and fascinating field of Clinical Neuroscience, which argues that the brain has the power to prevent and treat a variety of neurobiological disorders, from autism to attention deficit disorder.With ground-breaking neuroscience research presented in an accessible, easy-to-understand way The Brain Code teaches readers how to get the most from their brains, how to access their peak cognitive function.Each chapter will look at different functions of the brain:how can we regulate and control our emotions and thereby promote optimal thinking and behaviourimproving creative thinking through some simple tried-and-tested tricks efficient ways to use memory and thinking to improve our learning ability – a mandatory chapter for every student!steps to take to promote peaceful sleep recent brain research describing natural ways to deal with fears and anxietieslook behind the scenes at a mind in love and understand how the knowledge can be harnessed to manage more successful relationshipsDr Yossi Chalamish uses his expertise in neuroscience to provide contemporary research on how each brain function works, featuring case studies from his clinical experience that illustrate its function, and practical exercises and tools to improve your cognitive abilities in your everyday life.
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Mind, Cognition, and Neuroscience : A Philosophical Introduction
This carefully designed, multi-authored textbook covers a broad range of theoretical issues in cognitive science, psychology, and neuroscience.With accessible language, a uniform structure, and many pedagogical features, Mind, Cognition, and Neuroscience: A Philosophical Introdution is the best high-level overview of this area for an interdisciplinary readership of students.Written specifically for this volume by experts in their fields who are also experienced teachers, the book’s thirty chapters are organized into the following parts:I.Background KnowledgeII. Classical DebatesIII. ConsciousnessIV. Crossing BoundariesEach chapter starts with relevant key words and definitions and a chapter overview, then presents historical coverage of the topic, explains and analyzes contemporary debates, and ends with a sketch of cutting edge research.A list of suggested readings and helpful discussion topics conclude each chapter.This uniform, student-friendly design makes it possible to teach a cohort of both philosophy and interdisciplinary students without assuming prior understanding of philosophical concepts, cognitive science, or neuroscience. Key Features:Synthesizes the now decades-long explosion of scientifically informed philosophical research in the study of mind. Expands on the offerings of other textbooks by including chapters on language, concepts and non-conceptual content, and animal cognition. Offers the same structure in each chapter, moving the reader through an overview, historical coverage, contemporary debates, and finally cutting-edge research. Packed with pedagogical features, like defined Key Terms, Suggested Readings, and Discussion Questions for each chapter, as well as a General Glossary. Provides readers with clear, chapter-long introductions to Cognitive Neuroscience, Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Experimental Methods in Cognitive Neuroscience, Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Science, Metaphysical Issues, and Epistemic Issues.
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Mind, Cognition, and Neuroscience : A Philosophical Introduction
This carefully designed, multi-authored textbook covers a broad range of theoretical issues in cognitive science, psychology, and neuroscience.With accessible language, a uniform structure, and many pedagogical features, Mind, Cognition, and Neuroscience: A Philosophical Introdution is the best high-level overview of this area for an interdisciplinary readership of students.Written specifically for this volume by experts in their fields who are also experienced teachers, the book’s thirty chapters are organized into the following parts:I.Background KnowledgeII. Classical DebatesIII. ConsciousnessIV. Crossing BoundariesEach chapter starts with relevant key words and definitions and a chapter overview, then presents historical coverage of the topic, explains and analyzes contemporary debates, and ends with a sketch of cutting edge research.A list of suggested readings and helpful discussion topics conclude each chapter.This uniform, student-friendly design makes it possible to teach a cohort of both philosophy and interdisciplinary students without assuming prior understanding of philosophical concepts, cognitive science, or neuroscience. Key Features:Synthesizes the now decades-long explosion of scientifically informed philosophical research in the study of mind. Expands on the offerings of other textbooks by including chapters on language, concepts and non-conceptual content, and animal cognition. Offers the same structure in each chapter, moving the reader through an overview, historical coverage, contemporary debates, and finally cutting-edge research. Packed with pedagogical features, like defined Key Terms, Suggested Readings, and Discussion Questions for each chapter, as well as a General Glossary. Provides readers with clear, chapter-long introductions to Cognitive Neuroscience, Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Experimental Methods in Cognitive Neuroscience, Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Science, Metaphysical Issues, and Epistemic Issues.
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From Neuron to Cognition via Computational Neuroscience
A comprehensive, integrated, and accessible textbook presenting core neuroscientific topics from a computational perspective, tracing a path from cells and circuits to behavior and cognition. This textbook presents a wide range of subjects in neuroscience from a computational perspective.It offers a comprehensive, integrated introduction to core topics, using computational tools to trace a path from neurons and circuits to behavior and cognition.Moreover, the chapters show how computational neuroscience-methods for modeling the causal interactions underlying neural systems-complements empirical research in advancing the understanding of brain and behavior.The chapters-all by leaders in the field, and carefully integrated by the editors-cover such subjects as action and motor control; neuroplasticity, neuromodulation, and reinforcement learning; vision; and language-the core of human cognition. The book can be used for advanced undergraduate or graduate level courses.It presents all necessary background in neuroscience beyond basic facts about neurons and synapses and general ideas about the structure and function of the human brain.Students should be familiar with differential equations and probability theory, and be able to pick up the basics of programming in MATLAB and/or Python.Slides, exercises, and other ancillary materials are freely available online, and many of the models described in the chapters are documented in the brain operation database, BODB (which is also described in a book chapter). ContributorsMichael A. Arbib, Joseph Ayers, James Bednar, Andrej Bicanski, James J.Bonaiuto, Nicolas Brunel, Jean-Marie Cabelguen, Carmen Canavier, Angelo Cangelosi, Richard P.Cooper, Carlos R. Cortes, Nathaniel Daw, Paul Dean, Peter Ford Dominey, Pierre Enel, Jean-Marc Fellous, Stefano Fusi, Wulfram Gerstner, Frank Grasso, Jacqueline A.Griego, Ziad M. Hafed, Michael E. Hasselmo, Auke Ijspeert, Stephanie Jones, Daniel Kersten, Jeremie Knuesel, Owen Lewis, William W.Lytton, Tomaso Poggio, John Porrill, Tony J. Prescott, John Rinzel, Edmund Rolls, Jonathan Rubin, Nicolas Schweighofer, Mohamed A.Sherif, Malle A. Tagamets, Paul F. M. J. Verschure, Nathan Vierling-Claasen, Xiao-Jing Wang, Christopher Williams, Ransom Winder, Alan L.Yuille
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What is the connection between brain function and cognitive decline?
Brain function and cognitive decline are closely connected, as cognitive decline often results from changes in brain function. As we age, the brain undergoes natural changes, such as a decrease in the production of neurotransmitters and the formation of plaques and tangles. These changes can lead to a decline in cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. Additionally, certain conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia, can also cause significant cognitive decline by affecting brain function. Therefore, maintaining good brain function through activities like exercise, healthy eating, and mental stimulation can help reduce the risk of cognitive decline.
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Memory of past life: Is there a connection to panic attacks?
There is no scientific evidence to suggest a direct connection between memories of past lives and panic attacks. Panic attacks are typically associated with anxiety disorders and can be triggered by various factors such as stress, trauma, or genetics. Memories of past lives, if they exist, are not proven to have a direct impact on mental health conditions like panic attacks. It is important for individuals experiencing panic attacks to seek professional help from mental health professionals for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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What is the connection between the brain of women and the stove?
The connection between the brain of women and the stove is a stereotype that suggests women are naturally inclined towards cooking and domestic tasks. This stereotype has been perpetuated over time through societal expectations and gender roles. However, it is important to note that this stereotype is outdated and limiting, as individuals of any gender can excel in cooking or any other skill regardless of their brain structure.
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Is there a connection between the appearance of cauliflower and a brain?
Yes, there is a connection between the appearance of cauliflower and a brain. The intricate, convoluted shape of cauliflower closely resembles the structure of the human brain, with its numerous folds and crevices. Additionally, cauliflower is rich in nutrients such as choline and phosphorus, which are beneficial for brain health. Some people believe in the concept of "food symbolism," where the appearance of a food is thought to indicate the body part it benefits, and in this case, cauliflower's resemblance to the brain may have led to the belief in its brain-boosting properties.
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